Dental cyst

Cystectomy is a procedure that involves removing a cyst on a tooth—pathological cavities lined with tissue and filled with fluid.
Dental cyst

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When is cystectomy necessary?

This procedure is used in cases of a cyst on a tooth, located in the jawbone or soft tissue, which forms as a response to chronic infection of the tooth root.
Common causes of tooth cysts include decay, trauma, or unsuccessful endodontic treatment.
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Development of tooth cysts and possible symptoms

As a cyst on a tooth grows, it presses against surrounding tissues, causing bone displacement or destruction. Symptoms often go unnoticed until the cyst reaches a certain size or triggers an acute infection. Possible signs include discoloration of the tooth, swelling above the tooth, pain, discomfort when biting, swelling, redness, dental fistula, or nasal discharge.
  • Causes and types of cysts

    Poor oral hygiene and neglected teeth increase the risk of cyst development, especially when multiple teeth are infected. Failed endodontic treatment can also be a key cause. There are different types of cysts, including follicular, radicular (the most common), and mucous cysts.
  • Importance of the cystectomy procedure

    Cystectomy is essential to prevent further cyst growth and preserve the integrity of the jaw. After removal, the cavity can be filled with artificial bone to promote complete healing. Cysts can cause destruction of the jawbone, and in such cases, additional bone augmentation is often necessary.
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Cystectomy procedure for a tooth

Cyst removal from a tooth is a surgical procedure aimed at excising the cyst from the jaw.

Before starting, local anesthesia is administered to ensure the procedure is painless.

A small incision is made in the gum to access the cyst. This incision allows for examination and access to the cyst area.

Once access is gained, the cyst is carefully removed from the jaw. It is extracted with care to avoid damaging surrounding structures and to ensure complete removal.

After cyst removal, the remaining cavity may be filled with artificial bone to promote bone healing and preserve the jaw’s structure.

It is important to note that each case is unique, and the methods and steps of cystectomy may vary depending on the patient’s specifics and the severity of the cyst.

Why have cystectomy performed at Centrodent?

We always perform cystectomy following a prior CBCT scan of the jaw, premedication with antibiotics, psychological preparation of the patient, and provide detailed written post-surgical instructions.
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  • CT scan

    We perform cystectomy exclusively with a CT scan of the jaw, as a panoramic X-ray does not provide enough information for a safe and precise procedure. A panoramic image cannot show whether the cyst is in contact with a nerve.
  • Surgical planning

    Every tooth cyst removal procedure is thoroughly planned using specialized software based on the CT scan.
  • Pathohistological report

    If necessary, the removed cyst is sent for pathohistological analysis for detailed examination.
  • Bone regeneration

    Whenever possible, we immediately perform bone defect regeneration using the patient’s own bone with the help of a Piezosurgery device and bone scraper, placing the collected bone into the cystic cavity.

Procedure for removing a cyst from a tooth

Before the cyst removal procedure, a CBCT scan is performed to obtain a detailed image of the cyst and surrounding structures.

This allows precise planning of the surgical procedure. Afterward, local anesthesia is administered to ensure the procedure is completely painless.

A small incision is made in the gum above the cyst to access the affected area. The tooth cyst is carefully removed while preserving the health of the surrounding tooth and bone tissues.

The area is cleaned and closed with resorbable sutures that dissolve on their own. Thorough cleaning after tooth cyst removal is crucial to prevent infection, promote healing, and minimize inflammation.
The patient receives written postoperative instructions and schedules a follow-up visit to ensure proper healing.

Common questions about tooth cysts

Symptoms of tooth cysts may include pain or discomfort around the affected tooth, gum swelling, tooth discoloration, a feeling of pressure or fullness, numbness, and in some cases, a fistula (pus discharge).

Sometimes cysts grow without symptoms and are only detected during X-ray examinations.

Tooth cysts are pathological cavities filled with fluid or semi-solid material that form in the bone or soft tissues around a tooth.

They most often develop as a result of chronic inflammation or infection of the tooth, usually due to untreated dental pulp or granulomas.

When bacteria penetrate the root canal or tooth root, they can trigger an immune response that leads to cyst formation. If left untreated, tooth cysts can cause bone resorption and other complications.

Recovery after tooth cyst surgery usually lasts several days to a week, depending on the cyst’s size and the procedure’s complexity.

Patients are advised to rest, avoid physical activities, and maintain careful oral hygiene to prevent infection.

Mild pain and swelling are normal after the procedure but can be managed with painkillers prescribed by the dentist.

It is also recommended to avoid hard foods and drink liquids on the opposite side of the mouth.

Regular dental check-ups are essential to monitor healing and ensure successful recovery.

A cyst on a tooth can be dangerous if it is not detected and removed in time.

As the cyst grows, it can spread infection, causing pain, swelling, and bone damage, and sometimes it remains unnoticed for a long time.

It is most often discovered during regular check-ups with an orthopantomogram (panoramic dental X-ray).

A cyst on a tooth typically appears as a hollow fluid-filled sac, often located in the bone near the tip of the tooth root.

On an X-ray, it appears as a dark shadow, and in larger cysts, swelling, bone deformation, and gum sensitivity may occur.

Tooth cyst surgery typically lasts between 30 and 60 minutes, depending on the cyst’s size, location, and the patient’s overall condition.

The procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia and involves precise removal of the cyst and treatment of surrounding tissues.

After the procedure, it is important to follow the dentist’s instructions and maintain thorough oral hygiene to ensure a smooth and speedy recovery.

The cost of tooth cyst surgery ranges from 280 to 500 euros, depending on the complexity of the procedure, the size of the cyst, and any additional treatments.

Alongside cystectomy, tooth treatment (endodontic therapy) and diagnostic imaging (CBCT scan) are also necessary.

A tooth cyst can be as small as a few millimeters but sometimes grows to several centimeters.

Larger cysts often cause pain, discomfort, swelling, and possible bone damage.

Sometimes they are only detected when pronounced symptoms appear or changes are visible on an X-ray.

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